Selection effects and binary galaxy velocity differences

Measurements of the velocity differences (delta v's) in pairs of galaxies from large statistical samples have often been used to estimate the average masses of binary galaxies. A basic prediction of these models is that the delta v distribution ought to decline monotonically. However, some peculiar aspects of the kinematics have been uncovered, with an anomalous preference for delta v approx. equal to 72 km s(sup-1) appearing to be present in the data. The authors examine a large sample of binary galaxies with accurate redshift measurements and confirm that the distribution of delta v's appears to be non-monotonic with peaks at 0 and approx. 72 km s (exp -1). The authors suggest that the non-zero peak results from the isolation criteria employed in defining samples of binaries and that it indicates there are two populations of binary orbits contributing to the observed delta v distribution

The brouwer fixed point theorem with equivalences, extensions, and applications

M.S.R. H. Kasrie

Some mixed boundary value problems in elastodynamics

Ph.D.Michael P. Stallybras

Accession Rules and Trade Agreements: The Case of the WTO

This paper models the accession process to the World Trade Organization (WTO) as a two stage game. In the first stage, member countries choose tariff rates to be applied on trade with each other. In the second stage a non-member country applies for membership in the agreement and negotiates with the member countries over the tariff rates to be applied. Based on the rules of the WTO accession process, we model this negotiation using the Nash bargaining solution. The analysis focuses on the question of how the pattern of trade between the acceding country and the member countries affects the distribution of gains from accession between the members and the acceding countries, given the rules of the WTO negotiation process. We consider two n good, n country trade models which highlight features of the WTO tariff negotiations. The first is a model in which each country imports one good from all of the other countries (competing supplier model). This model highlights the role of the MFN principle, since member countries are forced to extend the same tariff treatment to non-members when they join. We show that the non-member will free ride on tariff reductions among the member countries in this case, and that the non-member will gain a larger fraction of the gains from accession if transport costs are sufficiently low. The second model considers a case in which each country exports a single good to the other countries (principal supplier model). We show that in this case tariff reductions by the member countries reduce the welfare of the non-member country, and the member countries gain a larger share of the gains from accession.

Metaphors we teach by : representations of disciplinary and teacherly identity.

This dissertation is a theoretical examination and textual analysis of the metaphors used to describe the act of writing and the teaching of writing. Within Rhetoric and Composition, there are specific conceptual metaphors that are instrumental to how teachers and compositionists describe the how writing development occurs, and what role teachers have in encouraging that development. This dissertation excavates the metaphoric interaction that has helped to shape the discipline of Rhetoric and Composition. I argue that the metaphors of writing run the risk of becoming black-boxed, uncritically accepted (or resisted), which can lead to an unbalanced interactive relationship between members of Rhetoric and Composition and the metaphors they use to teach writing. In this dissertation, I use a synthesis of metaphor theory to understand the interactive potential of the conceptual metaphors used to describe and teach writing, in a progressively narrowed perspective that addresses the identities metaphorically available to both the discipline at large as well as the individual teachers within Rhetoric and Composition. This dissertation is divided into four chapters. Chapter I reviews the theoretical views of metaphor that guide this project. This chapter also provides insight into how metaphors become morally defined, as well as (dangerously) disregarded when deemed dead. Chapter II examines the conceptual metaphor of WRITING-IS-PROCESS. This chapter charts the 40-year lifespan of PROCESS, providing snapshots representing the many shifts and reinvigorations that characterize the continued vitality and power of the metaphor as part of the identities available to teachers and scholars of writing. Chapter III narrows the focus further to examine the metaphors dominant within the genre of the teacher narrative. In such narratives, the teacherly experience is metaphorized through three key conceptual metaphors: TEACHING-IS-S TORY, TEACHING-IS-COMMUNITY, and TEACHING-IS-CONVERSATION. These metaphors can characterize teacherly experience in productive ways, but they can also, when not fully attended to, create a narrative trajectory that depicts the teacherly identity unproductively. Chapter IV focuses localized teacherly identity within statements of teaching philosophy. This chapter draws from collected teaching statements to identify the metaphoric trends in identity construction as engaged by both novice and more experienced members of Rhetoric and Composition

Tectonic, Climatic, and Sedimentary Processes Recorded by Pleistocene Fold Growth Strata, The South Caspian Basin, Azerbaijan

The Pleistocene – Present-day sedimentary succession of the South Caspian Basin was deposited syntectonically alongside growing anticlines in an under-filled, rapidly subsiding basin. The combination of ample sediment supply from surrounding mountain belts, fast sedimentation rates (variously estimated at between 0.4 and 1.7 m/kyr) and high accommodation space has resulted in an exceptionally thick succession (up to 3000 m) which documents structural growth and regional tectonics at a high temporal resolution. The succession additionally records the palaeo-water level history of the Caspian Sea —an internally drained lake— which has fluctuated at much higher magnitudes and frequencies throughout the study interval than along comparable marine settings. The Pleistocene – Present-day Caspian stratigraphy therefore represents an ideal geological dataset with which to study depositional processes along syntectonic fold ‘growth strata’ and to investigate the relative impacts of tectonics and climate change on syntectonic sedimentation. This thesis presents three studies which describe South Caspian Basin fold growth strata at a variety of scales using offshore seismic data from the north-eastern portion basin and field data from western Azerbaijan. The studies examine; [1] the vertical spacing and regionally lateral synchronicity of angular unconformities within late Pliocene – Present-day growth strata; [2] Pleistocene basin margin syntectonic sedimentology, and: [3] the process of large scale slope failure from submarine landslide deposits along folds located in the basin interior. The results of these studies add to the scientific understanding of the regional geology and of tectono- sedimentary processes in general. However the main finding —recurrent in all three studies— is the presence of repetitive sedimentary patterns and correlations. These are suggested to represent orbital Milankovic cycles of 40,000 years (obliquity) and 100,000 years (eccentricity). Orbitally driven climate change appears to have been a major control on South Caspian fold growth strata architecture and sedimentary processes within anticline mini- basins. Fold growth effects are also observed but these are relatively subdued as tectonic uplift was outpaced by high sedimentation rates

Development of the Law Pertaining to the Contracts of Married Women

Presented for the Degree of Bachelor of Laws